Stem cell therapy has been a potential treatment for neurodegenerative illnesses including Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). All these respective diseases have progressive neuronal degeneration with limited treatment possibilities
Stem cells including mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are poised to repair neural injury, suppression of inflammation, and modulation of the immune system. For instance, clinical trials have shown that the transplantation of MSCs in Parkinson's disease patients had the promise of enhancing dopamine production with resultant improvement in motor function.
Stem cell research is conducted globally. However, the U.S. leads followed by Europe and Asia. Ethical and regulatory problems with embryonic stem cells remain problematic, but advances in iPSCs have provided ethical alternatives.
Japan, for instance, has been a front runner in the development of iPSC-based therapies, and studies have shown that such cells were differentiated into dopaminergic neurons to take the place of degenerating neurons in Parkinson's disease.
Although the findings are encouraging, problems such as cell viability, tissue engraftment into the host, and long-term efficacy need still to be overcome. Active clinical trials and developing technology further drive the research into clinical use. In America alone, the FDA approved pilot trials for ALS patients using neural stem cells to slow the disease.
Advancements in stem cell technology and research are one of the principal reasons for growth of stem cell therapy for neurodegenerative disease market. Recent state-of-the-art methods including induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), gene editing (CRISPR), and three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting have expanded the capacity to produce as well as modify stem cells for therapeutic use.
Advancements have enhanced cell survival, differentiation, and integration into the function after transplantation, countering the issues that have arisen in the past including immune rejection and ethics.
For example, skin cells have been reprogrammed into iPSCs and differentiated into neurons for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. In 2023, research reaffirmed that transplantation into preclinical models of Parkinson's disease using iPSC-derived dopaminergic neurons restored motor function without causing any immune adverse reactions.
Another milestone technology involves the utilization of the application of CRISPR gene editing technology to correct mutations that cause disease in stem cells prior to transplantation. It is especially useful for inherited disease conditions such as Huntington's disease, with researchers being capable of repairing defective genes and revitalizing neural function.
For example, one study recently employed the use of CRISPR for editing ALS patient-derived stem cells, lowering toxic protein accumulation associated with motor neuron degeneration. All these innovations are further speeding the pace at which safer and more effective stem cell therapies are being developed globally.
Increasing incidence of neurodegenerative diseases is one such reason for the increasing demand for stem cell therapies. With population aging across the globe, Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) are becoming more widespread. According to the WHO, more than 55 million people worldwide have dementia, with the estimated count set to double by the year 2050.
With current treatment methods only being able to manage the disease instead of repairing neuronal loss, stem cell therapy is being considered as a possible regenerative treatment. For example, Parkinson’s disease currently affects nearly a million people in the U.S., with over 90,000 people being newly diagnosed with the disease each year. High economic and social impacts have driven investment in innovative treatments such as stem cell research.
Also, the growth in genetic screening and early diagnosis has further intensified the awareness and demand for regenerative medicine. Greater numbers of patients are investigating stem cell-based clinical trials, looking for disease-modifying therapies.
Governments and the private sector are also investing in research with the goal of speeding clinical translation. For example, the European Union has invested considerable funding in the Horizon Europe program to push stem cell therapies for Alzheimer’s disease with a goal toward developing cell-based therapies with a goal to decelerate or stop disease progression.
Geographically, the global artificial intelligence (AI) in medical diagnostics market is segmented into North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, and the Middle East & Africa. North America is likely to lead the worldwide stem cell therapy for neurodegenerative disease market as a result of heavy research funding, sophisticated health care infrastructure, and a wide incidence of neurodegenerative diseases.
The U.S. and Canada have been the front runners in stem cell research, with a large number of clinical trials, regulatory approvals, and government support for innovation in the field of regenerative medicine.
For example, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved several stem cell-based therapies for Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease with investigational new drug approvals. Companies including Aspen Neuroscience and BlueRock Therapeutics are developing clinical-stage candidates, highlighting the leadership of North America in commercialization.
The global stem cell therapy for neurodegenerative diseases market was highly fragmented in 2024. These players are crucial in shaping the market by offering innovative treatments, improving the quality of services, and expanding their reach.
Key players operating in the global stem cell therapy for neurodegenerative diseases market include:
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Stem Cell Therapy for Neurodegenerative Diseases Market
