Liquefied Natural Gas Market

Liquefied Natural Gas Market - Global Industry Analysis, Size, Share, Growth, Trends and Forecast, 2013 - 2019

Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is a natural gas converted into liquid form for ease of transportation and storage. LNG takes about 1/600th of volume of natural gas. It is colorless, odorless, non-toxic and non-corrosive in nature. Liquefaction is carried out by cooling natural gas to -1620 C (- 2620 F), followed by the removal of certain components such as acid gases, impurities and dust. Thereafter, LNG is stored in cylindrical shaped and domed roof cryogenic tanks. This prevents LNG from vaporization. Generally, cryogenic tanks are made up of materials such as concrete, steel and nickel. These tanks are well insulated and kept at a very low pressure. Large underground tanks are also utilized for storage; smaller quantities of LNG are stored above the ground in vertical or horizontal tanks.

 

End-user segment in the LNG market comprises industrial, electric power and other sector applications such as transportation and commercial. Industrial sector is expected to be the most dominating sector in terms of demand for LNG. Various industries such as chemicals, fertilizers and steel utilize high quantities of LNG as operational fuel. Industrial processes consume huge quantities of distillate fuels. Transition to LNG from conventional fuels can help industries save significant capital. Various equipment such as drilling equipment, industrial boilers and mining equipment utilize high quantities of LNG due to large number of benefits it offers such as low cost and no emissions.

 

Demand for LNG is high in the electric power sector due to less cost and favorable heat rate. This makes LNG a preferred fuel. Various government policies make it mandatory to use LNG in the industrial sector in order to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. LNG-based electric power plants effectively and efficiently support high load during peak hours. LNG is the preferred fuel for small-scale captive power plants that are specially designed for in-house power generation and these small scale power plants can easily support load up to 100 MW. Industries located in remote areas can operate easily by installing captive power plants using LNG as fuel.

 

Other sectors such as transportation and commercial utilize LNG due to high variation in prices of fuel such as diesel and petrol. Vehicle emission norm is the major factor that propels the use of LNG in the transportation sector. Countries such as France and Spain use LNG in order to reduce dependence on oil import and prevent atmosphere from being polluted through combustion of traditional fuels. Conventional fuels such as diesel and petrol emit high amount of COx on combustion. This raises the overall carbon footprint. However, LNG is comparatively cleaner and emits less COx and SOx. LNG has 85% lesser volatile organic content than diesel. On combustion, it produces 70% lesser COx and NOx as compared to conventional fuels.

 

Asia Pacific dominated the global LNG market in terms of volume due to high demand from Japan, South Korea and Taiwan. Emerging economies such as India and China import large quantities of LNG as domestic gas production is not enough to cater to the domestic needs of these countries. Europe is also expected to be a booming market for LNG as countries such as Spain, the U.K and France are importing high quantities of LNG. Rest of the World (RoW) is anticipated to witness a moderate growth rate as large number of gas reserves exist in the Middle East.

 

Apache Corporation, BG Group Plc, Cheniere Energy Inc, ConocoPhillips, Dominion Resources Inc, Kinder Morgan Inc, Qatar Petroleum, Sempra Energy, Veresen Inc and Woodside Petroleum Ltd are likely to dominate the liquefied natural gas market in the coming future.

 

    Table of Contents

     

    Chapter 1 Preface 8

    1.1 Report Description 8

    1.2 Research Scope 8

    1.3 Market Segmentation 9

    1.4 Research Methodology 10

     

    Chapter 2 Executive Summary 12

     

    Chapter 3 Liquefied Natural Gas Market – Industry Analysis 15

    3.1 Introduction 15

    3.2 Market Drivers 15

          3.2.1 Excellent Clean Fuel in the Marine Industry 16

          3.2.2 Stringent Environmental Regulations Coupled with Rising Demand for Cleaner Fuel in Transportation Sector 18

                   3.2.2.1 Global Vehicle Emission Norms 19

                   3.2.2.2 North America 19

                               3.2.2.2.1 U.S. 20

                               3.2.2.2.2 Canada 20

                               3.2.2.2.3 Mexico 20

                   3.2.2.3 South America 21

                               3.2.2.3.1 Argentina 21

                               3.2.2.3.2 Brazil 22

                               3.2.2.3.3 Costa Rica 22

                               3.2.2.3.4 Chile 23

                   3.2.2.4 EU Transport 2050 Strategy 23

                   3.2.2.5 Increase in LNG Applications in Africa 23

    3.3 Market Restraints 24

          3.3.1 Limited Awareness regarding benefits of LNG as a clean fuel 24

    3.4 Market Opportunities 25

          3.4.1 LNG for Power Generation 25

    3.5 Value Chain Analysis 26

    3.6 Porter’s Five Forces Analysis 29

          3.6.1 Bargaining Power of Suppliers 29

          3.6.2 Bargaining Power of Buyers 30

          3.6.3 Threat from Substitutes 30

          3.6.4 Threat of New Entrants 30

          3.6.5 Degree of Competition 30

    3.7 Market Attractive Analysis 32

     

    Chapter 4 LNG Market – End-User Analysis 33

    4.1 LNG Market: End-User Overview 33

          4.1.1 Global LNG Market Volume Share, by End-User, 2012 & 2019 33

    4.2 Industrial 34

          4.2.1 Global Industrial LNG Market, Volume & Revenue, 2012 – 2019, (Bcf) (USD Million) 34

    4.3 Electric Power 36

          4.3.1 Global LNG in Electric Power, Market Volume & Revenue, 2012 – 2019, (Bcf) (USD Million) 36

    4.4 Others 38

          4.4.1 Global Others LNG Market, Volume & Revenue, 2012 – 2019, (Bcf) (USD Million) 38

     

    Chapter 5 LNG Market: Regional Analysis 40

    5.1 Global LNG market: Regional analysis 40

          5.1.1 Global LNG Market Volume Share, by Geography, 2012 & 2019 40

    5.2 Asia-Pacific 42

          5.2.1 Asia-Pacific LNG Market Estimates and Forecasts, 2012 – 2019 (Bcf) (USD Million) 42

          5.2.2 Asia-Pacific LNG Market Volume, by End-User, 2012 – 2019 (Bcf) 44

    5.3 Europe 46

          5.3.1 Europe LNG Market Estimates and Forecasts, 2012 – 2019 (Bcf) (USD Million) 46

          5.3.2 Europe LNG Market Volume, by End-User, 2012 – 2019 (Bcf) 48

    5.4 Rest of the World (RoW) 50

          5.4.1 RoW LNG Market Estimates and Forecast, 2012 – 2019 (Bcf) (USD Million) 50

          5.4.2 RoW LNG Market Volume, by End-User, 2012 – 2019 (Bcf) 51

     

    Chapter 6 Company Profiles 53

    6.1 Apache Corporation 53

          6.1.1 Company overview 53

          6.1.2 Financial overview 53

          6.1.3 Business strategy 53

          6.1.4 SWOT Analysis 54

          6.1.5 Recent developments 54

    6.2 BG Group plc 55

          6.2.1 Company overview 55

          6.2.2 Financial overview 55

          6.2.3 Business strategy 55

          6.2.4 SWOT Analysis 56

          6.2.5 Recent developments 56

    6.3 Cheniere Energy, Inc. 57

          6.3.1 Company Overview 57

          6.3.2 Financial Overview 57

          6.3.3 Business Strategy 57

          6.3.4 SWOT Analysis 58

          6.3.5 Recent developments 58

    6.4 ConocoPhillips 59

          6.4.1 Company Overview 59

          6.4.2 Financial Overview 59

          6.4.3 Business Strategy 59

          6.4.4 SWOT analysis 60

          6.4.5 Recent developments 60

    6.5 Dominion Resources, Inc. 61

          6.5.1 Company Overview 61

          6.5.2 Financial Overview 61

          6.5.3 Business Strategy 61

          6.5.4 SWOT Analysis 62

          6.5.5 Recent Developments 62

    6.6 Kinder Morgan, Inc. 63

          6.6.1 Company Overview 63

          6.6.2 Financial Overview 63

          6.6.3 Business Strategy 63

          6.6.4 SWOT Analysis 64

          6.6.5 Recent Developments 64

    6.7 Qatar Petroleum 65

          6.7.1 Company Overview 65

          6.7.2 Financial Overview 65

          6.7.3 Business Strategy 65

          6.7.4 SWOT analysis 66

          6.7.5 Recent developments 66

    6.8 Sempra Energy 67

          6.8.1 Company Overview 67

          6.8.2 Financial Overview 67

          6.8.3 Business Strategy 67

          6.8.4 SWOT analysis 68

          6.8.5 Recent developments 68

    6.9 Veresen Inc. 69

          6.9.1 Company Overview 69

          6.9.2 Financial Overview 69

          6.9.3 Business Strategy 69

          6.9.4 SWOT analysis 70

          6.9.5 Recent developments 70

    6.10 Woodside Petroleum Ltd. 71

          6.10.1 Company Overview 71

          6.10.2 Financial Overview 71

          6.10.3 Business Strategy 71

          6.10.4 SWOT analysis 72

          6.10.5 Recent developments 72

    List of Tables

     

    TABLE 1 Global LNG Market Snapshot, 2012 & 2019 13

    TABLE 1 Drivers of the global LNG market: Impact Analysis 15

    TABLE 2 Argentina Emission Limits 22

    TABLE 3 Brazil emission limits from cars 22

    TABLE 4 Costa Rica Emission Limits for Vehicles < 1800 kg 23

    TABLE 5 Chile Emission Limits on Passenger Cars 23

    TABLE 6 Restraints of the global LNG market: Impact Analysis 24

    TABLE 7 Asia-Pacific LNG Market Volume, by End-User, 2012 – 2019 (Bcf) 44

    TABLE 8 Asia-Pacific LNG Market Revenue, by End-User, 2012 – 2019 (USD Million) 45

    TABLE 9 Europe LNG Market Volume, by End-User, 2012 – 2019 (Bcf) 48

    TABLE 10 Europe LNG Market Revenue, by End-User, 2012 – 2019 (USD Million) 49

    TABLE 11 RoW LNG Market Volume, by End-User, 2012 – 2019 (Bcf) 51

    TABLE 12 RoW LNG Market Revenue, by End-User, 2012 – 2019 (USD Million) 51

    List of Figures

     

    FIG. 1 LNG Market, 2013 – 2019 9

    FIG. 2 Global LNG Market, 2012 – 2019 (Bcf) (USD Million) 12

    FIG. 3 Limit of SOx & Particulate Matter Emissions Inside an ECA-Established Region 16

    FIG. 4 U.S. Fuel Costs (USD/Ton), 2012 17

    FIG. 5 LNG Demand in Transportation (Metric Tons), 2008 – 2010 19

    FIG. 6 Calorific Values of Various Fuels (kcal/kg) 25

    FIG. 7 Value Chain Analysis of Liquefied Natural Gas 26

    FIG. 8 Porter’s Five Forces Analysis 29

    FIG. 9 LNG market attractiveness, by end user, 2012 32

    FIG. 10 Global LNG Market Volume Share, by End-User, 2012 & 2019 33

    FIG. 11 Global Industrial LNG Market, Volume & Revenue, 2012 – 2019, (Bcf) (USD Million) 34

    FIG. 12 Global LNG in Electric Power Market, Volume & Revenue, 2012 – 2019, (Bcf) (USD Million) 37

    FIG. 13 Global Others LNG Market, Volume & Revenue, 2012 – 2019, (Bcf) (USD Million) 39

    FIG. 14 Global LNG Market Volume Share, by Geography, 2012 & 2019 40

    FIG. 15 Asia-Pacific LNG Market Estimates and Forecasts, 2012 – 2019 (Bcf) (USD Million) 42

    FIG. 16 Europe LNG Market Estimates and Forecasts, 2012 – 2019 (Bcf) (USD Million) 46

    FIG. 17 RoW LNG Market Estimates and Forecast, 2012 – 2019 (Bcf) (USD Million) 50

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